Chapter 2 utilises the systems of innovation approach to development in trying to broaden the discussion of identified structural impediments that tend to constrain and inhibit African economic growth and human development. The chapter argues that improving institutions, so that they become broadly participative, transparent and universal, is imperative in redressing the failures of the past and ending the inevitable continuities with path dependencies and trajectories. The chapter is structured around themes, including: demographics; economic sectors; diversity; growth and development; entrepreneurship; global competitiveness; industrialisation; the macro-economic environment; regional integration; science, technology and innovation institutions and policies; and the Millennium Development Goals.


“Economic Growth and Human Development Challenges for Science, Technology and Innovation in Africa,” Chapter 2 in African Union [editor] AFRICAN INNOVATION OUTLOOK 2010, African Union, Addis Ababa,
pp. 13-34. ISBN: 978-1-920550-45-5 by Rasigan Maharajh and Mario Scerri.